While impaction colic isn’t caused by cold weather, it tends to be more common in the winter months due to the difficulties of maintaining a natural equine lifestyle. Dehydration is a leading factor of causing impaction colic. Horses tend to consume less water in the winter months. They are no longer receiving hydration from pasture grass, which has a water content of around 75%, and because the air is cooler they aren’t sweating as much, which leads to less water consumption. Other causes and ways to decrease the likelihood of impaction colic are listed below.
Preventing Dehydration
- Make sure your horses have access to water 24/7. Salt/Electrolyte/Mineral blocks can also encourage increased water consumption.
- Prevent your tanks and pipes from freezing. There are many different types of water bucket and tank heaters available to purchase. If you’re handy, the internet has plenty of DIY versions as well!
- Soaking hay in winter will increase water intake
Feeding a Winter Diet
- It is a myth that increasing grain in winter will give your horse more energy to stay warm. In fact, you should be feeding more than 60% forage. High quality hay provides the high-fiber and complex carbohydrates that horses are designed to digest.
- Just like in Spring, you can increase the likelihood of colic by changing your horse’s diet too quickly. Slowly wean them off pasture and onto their high-quality forage winter diet.
- If your horse is a hard-keeper in winter, consult with your vet before the cold weather hits to formulate a custom diet specific to your horse’s needs.
Activity
- Maintain a consistent exercise routine to keep your horse moving.
- Turnout will also increase your horse’s activity level. Access to paddocks is ideal to get your horse outside, assisting in both gastrointestinal and mental health.
- On days when the footing is too bad, turnout in an indoor arena is a suitable alternative option. Be sure to provide constant access to fresh, clean water!